The Uniform Crime Reporting Survey Essay - 1334 Words

Canada has two prominent statistics used to measure crime. Firstly, there is the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR), which is made of crimes recorded by the police. As Jason Ditton (1979), a Constructionist, once pointed out that crime reports â€Å"have little to do with the amount of crime† but rather it is simply just a constructed report by the police. On the other hand, we have the General Social Survey (GSS), a victimization survey, which is conducted over a six to twelve month period (Statistics Canada, 2016). The goal of this survey is to â€Å"shed light on which people failed to contact the police and why† by asking them questions regarding their living conditions, experiences of victimization and their thought on safety (Morden and Palys, 2015, pg 80). This paper will talk about how both statistics are measured, how they are different, how they are able to complement each other and lastly how accurate they are. The GSS is conducted every five years using the Random Digit Dialer (RDD) along with the Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) to obtain a random sample of the population (Morden and Palys, 2015) This survey last around forty to forty-five minutes and is voluntary. In 2013, the response rate seemed to be declining, therefore; the use of the internet was implemented to increase the response rates. Likewise, the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR) is solely composed of crimes reported by the police. The UCR initial goal was to provide a better and moreShow MoreRelatedMeasuring Crime Essay914 Words   |  4 Pages Measuring Crime Crime measurement and statistics for police departments are very important when it comes to money allotment, staffing needs or termination and it is also used to determine the effectiveness of new laws and programs. There are three tools used to measure major crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports, National Crime Victimization Survey and the National Incident Based Reporting System- which is currently being tested to replace the Uniform Crime Reports. AlthoughRead MoreMeasuring Crime1070 Words   |  5 PagesMeasuring Crime in the United States Kyra Pettit CJA/204 August 5, 2013 Dr. Wafeeq Sabir Measuring Crime in the United States In the following paper, these criminal justice students will address the three major points of crime measurement in the United States. Even though there may be changes of crime statistics, but not changes in the crime rate; that is because crime can be measured in numerous ways. Two measuring systems being the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and Uniform CrimeRead MoreThe Uniform Crime Report And Crime Statistics1066 Words   |  5 PagesThe Uniform Crime Report represents police reported crime statistics. It includes a number of reported offences, actual offences, offences cleared by charge, and offences cleared otherwise (Morden, H. K. and Palys, T., 2015). The police-reported crime statistics best represent the positivist perspective. It is not biased, and complete, accurate, and standardized to facilitate temporal and spatial comparisons (Morden, H. K. and Palys, T., 2015). It also believes that Criminal Code reflects society’sRead MoreDifferences in Crime Stati stics in the Uniform Crime Reports versus the National Crime Victimization Survey743 Words   |  3 Pages Arguments over crime statistics have been raging ever since governments began counting criminal activity. In 1930 the United States congress authorized the attorney general of the United States to survey crime in America. The Federal Bureau of Investigation was chosen to implement the program. (Schmalleger p.38) The Uniform Crime Reports is the survey taken by the FBI. This measure of crime in America depends on reports to the police by victims of crimes. The UCR Program was developed byRead MoreEssay on The Three Major Crime Reporting Systems633 Words   |  3 PagesUniform Crime reports, National Incident Based Reporting System and the National Crime Reporting Survey are all major crime reporting systems here in the U.S. Each crime reporting system has its own advantage and disadvantage towards the criminals and victims as well as the law enforcement involved. Each has a unique history on how it started and when, how it became as popular of a system as it is now and will it keep growing or will it one day start to fade into the background while other reportingRead MoreThe Flawed System Of The Uniform Crime Reporting Program882 Words   |  4 PagesThe two flawed systems that are in use for collecting crime statistics in the United States are, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). These programs were developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigations to collect crime da ta from around the United States. Both systems are outdated and need to be updated. Although these programs may be flawed, they are still used to collect very important data that is collected to write new policies thatRead MoreInvestigation Of The Criminal Justice Field1261 Words   |  6 Pagesand where crimes are happening and try to provide a solution to stopping them. However, people bring into question the accuracy and usefulness of crime statistics as they merely reflect the views of the policy makers. Two sources that collect and publish crime data and statistics are the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) program, and the National Crime Victim Survey (NCVS). The Uniform Crime Reporting program was created in 1930 when Congress saw the need to begin collecting statistics on crime in theRead MoreThe Sources Of Criminal Statistics872 Words   |  4 PagesThe Sources of Criminal Statistics The two flawed systems that are in use for collecting crime statistics in the United States are, Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). These programs were developed by the Federal Bureau of Investigations to collect crime data from around the United States. Both systems are outdated and need to be updated. Although these programs may be flawed, they are still used to collect very important data that areRead MoreVictim Advocacy1496 Words   |  6 PagesVictim Advocacy Anthony D. Rios AIU Online Abstract Date rape is a serious offense and should be not taken lightly. The National Crime Victimization Survey and the Uniform Crime Reporting provides statistics on this offense. There are also strengths and weaknesses in both tools, but they are both valuable tools. To understand date rape, it is important to know the definition, and how date rape is distinguished between stranger rape, statutory rape, and spousal rape. It’s also importantRead Morepredicting crime with the unifrom crime reporting system Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesPREDICTING CRIME WITH THE UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING SYSTEM Predicting Crime With the Uniform Crime Reporting System Mitchell Adair Introduction to Criminal Justice: CJA 105-AUO A01 Argosy University 1 The Uniform Crime Reporting System is a statistical effort that is said to be cooperative of more than ten thousand state, city, and county law enforcement agencies on a basis that is considered

Indies First Meeting Your Favorite Author behind a Counter

Small Business Saturday occupies an intermediate position between two days of shopping frenzy: Black Friday and Cyber Monday. While the former is dedicated to large distributors and the latter to looking through the Internet for good deals, Small Business Saturday is aimed at helping your local businesses, thus allowing the money you spend stay in your community. And this year about 1,000 authors all over the USA used it to help their local bookstores. Indies First is a fascinating new initiative carried out as a part of Small Business Saturday by the American Booksellers Association. In short, it encourages publishing authors to help bookstores that previously helped them sell their books by volunteering to work as booksellers for a day, thus attracting more attention to bookstores and to this kind of business in general. In addition to simply being an interesting initiative, Indies First seems to be a perfect addition to Small Business Saturday – on the one hand, it is the one day of the year when small bookstores are going to see the most business, and on the other hand – what better way to attract new clients than to say that they are likely to meet their perfect authors selling books to them? Authors and small-time bookstores seem to be a perfect match, especially some of them, like Malaprop’s Bookstore and Cafà © that regularly support new and self-published authors. And Indies First turned out to be a perfect way to help them in return. Started by the writer Sherman Alexie it quickly spread out and very shortly more than a thousand publishing American writers expressed their wish to take part in this enterprise, working in about four hundred bookstores across the country. And it wasn’t limited to the United States – several other cities across the world joined in, like Geneva, Switzerland and Venice, Italy. And it gives us hope that this initiative won’t be limited to just this one year and become a usual practice for every Small Business Saturday in the future. Perhaps Indies First will repeat the history of Black Friday itself, which gradually spread even to the countries where it wasn’t customary in the beginning. With a number of cities all over the world joining in the first time it was carried out, there is a possibility that next year it will attract even more attention. But this, of course, is not a reason not to visit your local bookstore any other day of the year!

Essay On Cancer In The African American Community

Cancer in the African American Community Vs. Caucasian Community Justen Hudson Professor Frazier November 16, 2017 Abstract Declining cancer incidence and mortality rates in the United States have continued through the first decade of the twenty-first century. However, Black Americans continue to have the higher cancer mortality rates and shorter survival times. This review discusses and compares only breast and prostate cancer mortality rates and mortality trends for Blacks and Whites. The complex relationship between socioeconomic status and race and its contribution to racial cancer disparities is discussed. I never really thought I would be involved with cancer in the way I am now, as in being a student in†¦show more content†¦The disparities are around us every day and unless we educate ourselves and our communities these disparities will continue to wreak havoc on our neighborhoods and in the future, we will just be putting our kids and their kids in a continuing cycle of ignorance when we could have done more if it’s just educating the community we leave in, that alone could be enough to turn the tides in our people favor. In turn, I would hope this paper enlighten you on what is going on in our neighborhood and what we can do to correct this issue to preserve our autonomy. Racial and ethnic health disparities undermine what a healthcare system should stand for. Although the top three causes and seven of the 10 leading causes of death are the same for African Americans and whites, the risk factors and incidence, morbidity, and mortality rates for these diseases and injuries often are greater among blacks than whites (MMWR, 2005). Health disparities refer to differences in disease risks, incidence, morbidity, and mortality but most of all for the sake of this paper unequal access to quality health insurance amongst African American in the United States, which will also go hand and hand with the social and economic disadvantages. The disadvantages of health disparities usually affect people of African American descent who have systemically experienced a greater social and economic obstacle to health care. So, let’s compare breast and prostate cancer effects onShow MoreRelatedThe Disparities Between African American Women And European Americans1387 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"African Americans have the highest death rate form all cancer sites combined and from malignancies of the lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, female breast, prostate, and cervix of all racial or ethnic groups in the United States (Elizabeth ward, 2004). The health disparities in African Americans and other racial groups are alarming. 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African Americans are among many other groups of people that fall victim to a system that, sometimes inconspicuously creates barriers wherein people cannot adequately arm themselves with the tools to remain healthy. One of the most common health inequities among African Americans is the HIV/AIDs virus. This viruses significance is relatively recent in human history, but the damage it hasRead MoreEssay on An Analysis of the Song Changes by Tupac1335 Words   |  6 PagesVincent Bocchino College Writing I Prof. Fisher Music Interpretation Essay 12/3/2011 Changes by Tupac Millions of people in the world listen to music for all different reasons. Most people all over the world listen to different genres of music in order to relax, but not too many people pay attention to the actual lyrics of a song. If you listen to the lyrics of a song you will realize that many songs have important messages or themes to them. 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The Loss of Innocence free essay sample

What is left of someone when they lose their innocence? This is a question both S. E. Hinton, the author of The Outsiders, and Stevie Wonder, the writer of â€Å"Stay Gold,† touch upon in two different yet connected pieces. The Outsiders opens with the jumping and beating up of the main character, Ponyboy Curtis, which sets the tone for the rest of the novel. Amid a neighborhood of turmoil between two rival gangs, the greasers and the Socs, Johnny Cade, the â€Å"pet† of the greasers who would not hurt a fly, murders a rival Soc. This act tests the character of each member of the neighborhood, and each gang member find a different side of each other, that was never seen before. The song, â€Å"Stay Gold,† which has the same theme, but a different message, tells of aging being the cause of loss of innocence. Wonder describes how those who are young are happy and carefree, and as they age, their innocence fades away, since nothing can last forever. Through the two works, the loss of innocence is brought forth as a key theme by both the greasers being thrown into life in a gang at a young age, and in the lyrics of the song which illustrate aging. The immersion of young boys into a gang lifestyle, is one of the leading causes of the loss of innocence for those in The Outsiders. In the troubling background landscape of Tulsa, Oklahoma, fourteen to twenty year old boys are shedding their happy go-lucky attitudes and are instead turning to black eyes and cracked ribs. They have chosen a lifestyle of gang affiliation filled with gang violence in their neighborhoods, contributing to their loss of innocence.â€Å"And Johnny, who was the most law-abiding of all of us, now carried a six-inch switchblade,† (34). Johnny Cade is the sixteen year old â€Å"pet† of the greasers, who was toughened up by a rival gang’s member, who beat him to the state of being unrecognizable. This beating caused Johnny to be scared of his own shadow, and to feel the need to carry around a weapon for his protection. Just as Johnny loses his innocence, another member of the greasers also goes through a rough period of time, resulting in the loss of his innocence. â€Å"And then I remembered. Dallas and Johnny were dead. Don’t think of them, I thought. Don’t remember how Johnny was your buddy, don’t remember that he didn’t want to die. Don’t think of Dally breaking up in the hospital, crumpling under the street light. Try to think that Johnny is better off now, try to remember that Dally would have ended up like that sooner or later. Best of all, don’t think. Blank your mind. Don’t remember. Don’t remember,† (156). Ponyboy Curtis had to deal with the death of two of his best friends in one day. One died a hero, and one a hood, but both were missed and both were too young to die. Not only does Ponyboy’s innocence die then and there, but so do so many of his other boyish qualities, such as his sense of humor and his happy-go-lucky attitude. In some sort of way, gang action caused the deaths of both teens, resulting in the loss of innocence for not o nly Ponyboy, but for Johnny Cade and Dallas Winston as well. Nowadays, most teens do not have to walk around with switchblades, and put off the thought of two of their best friends being killed as a result of gangs. However, this was the harsh reality of the times. Gang life not only killed off the innocence in young boys, but it killed the young boys themselves, off as well. The song, â€Å"Stay Gold,† follows the plot line of someone losing their innocence as they age. Everyone starts out, â€Å"young and carefree,† and as they grow up, they go through different situations, which scrape away at their innocence. Even when one goes back and â€Å"steals away† into the days when they were innocent, it is only momentarily. One cannot stay in those moments forever. â€Å"Steal away into that way back when (Line 6) You thought that all would last forever,† (Line 7). One can remember back into the time when their innocence was full, and they can recall how they thought times would always be like that. However, as reality set in and they started having obligations, the once full innocence that had blossomed inside of them, starts to wilt. Their growing up changed them in the sense that it made them aware that their belief in innocence lasting forever, was false. However, as soon as this was realized it was already too late. Wonderâ €™s claim of innocence seemingly being lost as one ages is seen throughout the song. â€Å"So young and carefree (Line 3) Again you will see (Line 4) That place in timeso gold,† (Line 5). The reader realizes that the main character in the song’s â€Å"safe place† is in their innocent time. A time they thought would last forever. â€Å"Gold† is used to describe innocence, which is accurate since most view gold as true and angelic. In a sense, innocence is angelic because it represents being without sin and without grief and suffering, everything we were at a young age and eventually grew out of.As we age, aspects of our personality shift and change, just as our innocence does. The more we grow and mature, the less naive and innocent we are. In retrospect, we are never satisfied with the amount of innocence we have, and once someone is aware of its ever-shrinking amount, it is hard to hang on to. When someone joins or is forced into a gang at an early age, they grow up too fast, and have to face situations that other teens might not, depending upon their living and social situations. The instillment of a gang lifestyle into the lives of Johnny Cade and Dallas Winston caused their death, which in turn initiated Ponyboy’s rapid loss of innocence. Stevie Wonder’s song, â€Å"Stay Gold,† on the other hand, illustrates a story in which someone grew up, and is desperately trying to remember back to when they were innocent, and careless and free from responsibility. Although aging is inevitable, and going with it, the loss of one’s innocence, according to Stevie Wonder, the days when one was not scared of their shadow, and when they were not constantly worrying if they and their family would make it through the day, are the ones they crave to go back to when they are older. Everyone as a kid is rushing to get rid of their innocence, and to grow up and to be treated like an adult, and then all of a sudden they are where they thought they wanted to be. They have responsibilities and relationships, and all yet they want is to be young, and to not have to deal with all of the problems they face daily. Why is this? Why are we never content with the amount of innocence we hold, and why do we constantly want a change from who we are?